This research aimed to investigate the formulation and behavior of liposomal curcumin in the presence of hyaluronic acid grafted with poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (HA-g-pNIPAM) using a combination of experimental and computational approaches. Liposomes were prepared using a thin film hydration method, resulting in 83.8-96.5 nm particles with a polydispersity index (PDI) ranging from 0.176 to 0.249. Different lipid types showed size and zeta potential variations, with Avanti DPPC and Lipoid S75 exhibiting those of the smallest size. The addition of curcumin (CUR) led to reduced liposome size and improved particle size uniformity across all lipid types which were evidenced experimentally. Entrapment efficiency of CUR in liposomes after the incorporation of HA-g-pNIPAM remained high, ranging from 95.71% to 96.98%. However, the entrapment efficiency decreased with increasing HA-g-pNIPAM concentration, suggesting an optimal level of 0.003%. Computational simulations supported experimental findings and revealed the impact of CUR and HA-g-pNIPAM on the membrane structure and interlocking of lipid components. The presence of HA-g-pNIPAM, with its hydrophilic and lipophilic groups, affected the movement, thickness, density, and fluidity of the membrane. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that in silico study enhances our understanding of drug delivery system formulation, thus reducing the need for costly and non-significant variable testing experimentally. This optimization not only saves resources but also enhances flexibility, reliability, and success of the formulation study.

The spread of the COVID-19 virus continues to grow rapidly almost all over the world. This disease is characterized by the presence of severe respiratory syndrome disorders in humans. The ACE2 receptor is the gateway for the COVID-19 virus to target cells, where it is expressed in airway epithelial and vascular endothelial cells. Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a plant that contains flavonoid active compounds. Flavonoid derivative compounds found in breadfruit include artonin-E, cycloaltilisin-7, cycloaltilisin, isocyclomorusin, cyclomorusin, cyclomulberrin, isocyclomulberrin, cyclocommunal, morusin, quercetin and artocarpin. This study aims to determine the flavonoid derivative of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) which has the most effective potential against the ACE2 receptor as a candidate for inhibitor of the COVID-19 virus in silico. The results showed that of the eleven flavonoid derivatives of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) tested, 3 compounds gave the lowest binding affinity value, namely cycloaltilisin -8.79 kcal/mol, cyclomulberrin -8.95 kcal/mol, and artocarpin -9.30. kcal/mol compared with Chloroquine -7.67 kcal/mol and Hydroxychloroquine -7.22 kcal/mol. The predicted results of Lipinski’s rule of five showed that the 3 compounds and the comparison drug each met the Ro5 rule. The compounds cycloaltilisin, cyclomulberin and artocarpine have antiviral activity which is indicated by the Pa value in the range of 0.5<Pa<0.7. Cycloaltilisin, cyclomulberin and artocarpine are the most effective compounds to be developed as candidates for COVID-19 inhibitors.

The development of antibiotic resistance of bacterial strains associated with acne is becoming a common phenomenon among patients due to uncontrolled and prolonged use of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. In this connection, inclusion of bacteriophages active against resistant strains into the combined therapy is an urgent task. Modern microbiological, biotechnological, molecular-genetic, physicochemical methods have been used in the design of antimicrobial agents.Two bacteriophages with a wide spectrum of lytic activity against 24 strains of Cutibacterium acnes, acne-associated pathogens, have been isolated for the first time. The stability of the obtained bacteriophages to aggressive environmental factors was characterized. The bacteriophages are stable during storage in frozen state (-80°C and -20°C) and at temperatures (+25)±2˚C; (+4)±2°C, stable in the pH range from 6.5 to 7.5, stable to the action of chloroform, which is necessary in the technological process of bacteriophage cultivation in order to free phagolizates from non-lyzed bacteria.

Reynoutria × bohemica Chrtek et Chrtkova contains a variety of biologically active compounds and nutrients, including flavonoids, compounds with antioxidant activity and protein. During the experiment, the callus culture was obtained and the method of protein extraction and purification was developed to obtain proteins in the range of molecular masses from 45 to 90 kDa in the amount of 45 mg per 1 g of biomass.
Reynoutria × bohemica Chrtek et Chrtkova is a perennial herbaceous plant of the knotweed and buckwheat family Polygonaceae, the hybrid of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. × Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai of central European origin, first described in 1983. The plant is characterized by very rapid growth of both above-ground and underground parts, in Europe it is a species extremely aggressive, displacing local flora, so it is eliminated. Nevertheless, plants of the genus Reynoutria are used in medical practice in Japan, China, Korea. Reynoutria × bohemica contains a variety of biologically active compounds and nutrients, including flavonoids such as rutin and quercetin, compounds with antioxidant activity from the groups of stilbenes and anthraquinones, vitamin C and protein, which provide a wide range of pharmacological activity.
It is relevant and promising to study Reynoutria bohemica growing in the Russian Federation, both from the point of view of application in medicine and from the position of a source of nutrients in food and agricultural industry.
The aim of the study is to obtain callus culture of Reynoutria × bohemica Chrtek et Chrtkov, as well as development of method for isolation and purification of cytosolic proteins.
The objects of the study are the leaves of Reynoutria × bohemica harvested in the Botanical Garden of the I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University). The study was carried out using the Bradford protein quantitation method, SDS-electrophoresis, dialysis and capillary electrophoresis. Standard methods accepted in works on biotechnology and plant tissue culture were also used in the work.
At the first stage, leaf explants of Reynoutria × bohemica were obtained. Fragments of washed leaves adjacent to the main vein, 1.5*1.5 cm in size, were placed on a Petri dish with agarized Murashige & Skoog medium and cultured in the dark at 26°C. Callus tissue growth was observed at the edges of the explants in the 2nd week of culturing. At the second stage, subculturing of callus tissue was performed.
During the experiment, optimal conditions for protein extraction from leaves of Reynoutria bohemica were selected. Homogenization of fresh leaves was carried out in a mortar with silica sand and 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) in a 1:10 ratio followed by ultrasound treatment. The homogenate was centrifuged, protein was precipitated from the supernatant with ammonium sulfate (95% saturation) for 12 hours, and, the precipitate was separated by centrifugation and supernatant was dialyzed against phosphate buffer. The presence of protein and quantity in the sample was determined by Bradford method. Analysis by SDS electrophoresis in 12% polyacrylamide gel showed that protein in the molecular mass range of 45 to 90 kDa dominated in the total spectrum. The qualitative and quantitative composition of amino acids (before and after hydrolysis) was analyzed by the method of capillary electrophoresis.
Leaf explants of Reynoutria × bohemica were obtained; callus tissue growth along the edges of explants was observed in the 2nd week of cultivation.  The development of a simple and efficient method for protein isolation from Reynoutria leaves allowed to obtain proteins in the molecular mass range of 45 to 90 kDa in amounts of 45 mg per 1 g of biomass.

Abstract: The gut microbiota is one of the most important factors in the formation of immunity. Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria are key components of the gut microbiota of a healthy person. Modern scientific research indicates the presence of antioxidant properties of lacto- and bifidobacteria, as well as their cellular components, which provides some degree of protection of the human body from diseases caused by oxidative stress. In this work we studied the reducing activity of lacto- and bifidobacteria by direct potentiometry method and carried out a comparative evaluation of the preparations. The mediator system K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6] was used as an oxidant reagent. Antioxidant activity was characterized by the change in the redox potential of the system under study. In the course of the study it was found that the highest antioxidant activity was shown by Bac-set Forte ("AMD Protexin Ltd.)

Abstract: Anthill (Myrmecodia pendens) hypocotyledonous plant is known by most people as a traditional medicine used for generations. Flavonoid compounds contained in M. Pendens are efficacious as antioxidants and antibacterials. The anthill also contains compounds such as tannins that are useful as antidiarrheal drugs. The content has not been fully identified and specifically characterized. FT-IR spectros. This study aims to determine the functional groups and components contained in the M. Pendens water fraction.
Method:
This study used qualitative descriptive research. The population and samples tested were the water fraction of M. pendens. Extraction was carried out by maceration (1:10) using 70% ethanol. Then fractionated in stages according to polarity using (water, chloroform, n-hexane). Identification and characterization were carried out using FT-IR spectra to determine the functional groups and total levels of quercetin compounds contained in M. pendens plants. The data obtained are analyzed in the form of narrated graphs and tables.

Abstract: Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer with a high mortality rate among patients. It is caused by a rapid spread of tumor cells in the dermis and an increased risk of metastasis. Moreover, immune system dysfunction in cancer patients is often followed by the development of concomitant bacterial infections. Thus, the development of drugs for combined antibacterial and anticancer therapy and their targeted delivery is an important goal.
In this work, a copper coordination compound based on 2-alkylthioimidazolone (Cu2Im) was used. It demonstrates combined anticancer and antibacterial properties due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Cu2Im was encapsulated into polymer matrices of polylactide (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), their blends, and blends with gelatin by electrospinning. According to SEM images, matrices represent meshes of nanofibers with a diameter from 100 to 500 nm. The results of AES after 24 h of Cu2Im release indicate the highest rate of Cu release for PCL-based matrices and polymer blends with gelatin.
A significant cytotoxic effect was observed for all the matrices on murine melanoma cells. Combined antibacterial and cytotoxic properties were evaluated on B16 cells infected with bacteria E. coli. It was shown that matrices cause a dramatic decrease in infected cells viability up to 15% and can be considered for the combined therapy.
Therefore, electrospinning provides an opportunity to produce Cu2Im-loaded polymer matrices, which exhibit long-lasting combined toxic effect. All of these properties make them promising effective solid carriers for targeted transdermal therapy of melanoma.

Abstract: The gut microbiota is one of the most important factors in the formation of immunity. Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria are key components of the gut microbiota of a healthy person. Modern scientific research indicates the presence of antioxidant properties of lacto- and bifidobacteria, as well as their cellular components, which provides some degree of protection of the human body from diseases caused by oxidative stress. In this work we studied the reducing activity of lacto- and bifidobacteria by direct potentiometry method and carried out a comparative evaluation of the preparations. The mediator system K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6] was used as an oxidant reagent. Antioxidant activity was characterized by the change in the redox potential of the system under study. In the course of the study it was found that the highest antioxidant activity was shown by Bac-set Forte ("AMD Protexin Ltd.)

Abstract: Antibodies to nucleic acids are a significant focus of research, as they serve as markers of autoimmune diseases. However, the use of antibodies for nucleic acid detection has not gained widespread acceptance due to the low immunogenicity of nucleic acids, which is attributed to their small molecular weight, and the high cross-reactivity potential of antibodies. This study focuses on the low specificity of antibodies. Our objective is to investigate whether it is possible to produce highly specific polyclonal antibodies against nucleic acids, as such agents could have applications in the molecular diagnostics of viral infections, providing a fast and cost-effective alternative to existing methods.

The aim of this work is to develop a predictive model of the "polyclonal antibody-potato pathogen" interaction, which could aid in enhancing the specificity of polyclonal antibodies to nucleic acids. The essence of the proposed bioinformatic model lies in a Python-based program we developed, that can identify unique sequences in the genome of the selected pathogen, which can subsequently be targeted for antibodies production.

Our model demonstrated that the minimum sequence length required to ensure the uniqueness of a ribotope is 11, although antibodies are capable of recognizing even shorter nucleic acid sequences. Based on the obtained data, in vivo experiments are planned to generate antibodies against the identified oligonucleotides and to test their specificity.

This model has the potential to be extrapolated to human viral pathogens and could eventually find applications in molecular diagnostics of viral infections, which has to be precise and early.

Abstract: A new biopolymer based on hyaluronic acid has been developed. Its special feature is the conversion of amorphous hyaluronan into a cellular three-dimensional biopolymer with partial crystallization. The average cell size is about 10 μm, which allows to place in them (or capture) some biological objects, such as erythrocytes and platelets. At the same time, at the macro level, the material is a cotton-like substance, convenient for manipulation, unlike the volatile powder of amorphous hyaluronan. The material can act as a carrier of various biologically active substances, including medicinal ones, forming conjugates and cocrystals with them. Material with integrated trombine proved to be very effective hemostatic agent with time-to-hemostasis 15-20 sec on liver and spleen wounds.